Discovering the Mysteries of Machu Picchu: A New Zealander's Travel Guide to Peru

Aug 29

Introduction to Machu Picchu

History and Background

Machu Picchu, often referred to as the "Lost City of the Incas," is a majestic archaeological site nestled high in the Andes Mountains of Peru. Here's a brief overview of the history and background behind this remarkable destination:

Built-in the 15th century by the Inca emperor Pachacuti, Machu Picchu served as a royal estate but was abandoned just over 100 years later during the Spanish conquest.
Rediscovered in 1911 by American explorer Hiram Bingham, the site remains a testament to the incredible Inca civilization that thrived in the region.

Significance of Machu Picchu

The significance of Machu Picchu extends beyond its historical roots, captivating travellers from across the globe with its mystique and charm. Here are some key reasons why Machu Picchu holds a special place in the hearts of many:

Architectural Marvel: The intricately constructed stone buildings, terraces, and temples showcase the advanced engineering and architectural skills of the ancient Incas.
Spiritual Connection: Surrounded by breathtaking mountains and lush greenery, Machu Picchu exudes a sense of tranquillity and spirituality, making it a perfect place for reflection and connection with nature.
UNESCO World Heritage Site: Recognized for its cultural and historical importance, Machu Picchu was designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1983, ensuring its preservation for future generations to appreciate.

Embark on a journey to Machu Picchu and immerse yourself in the rich history and enchanting beauty of this iconic destination.

Planning Your Trip to Peru

After immersing yourself in the rich culture of Cusco and trekking the breathtaking Inca Trail, the next exciting step is to plan your journey to the iconic Machu Picchu. Before packing your bags and heading off to Peru, it's crucial to be well-prepared and informed about the travel requirements and the best time to visit this enchanting destination.

Travel Requirements

Before embarking on your trip to Peru, make sure you have taken care of all the necessary travel requirements. Here are some essential things to consider:

Passport and Visa: Ensure your passport is valid for at least six months beyond your intended stay, and check if you need a visa to enter Peru.
Vaccinations: It is recommended that routine vaccines be up to date and vaccines for diseases like Hepatitis A and Typhoid be considered.
Travel Insurance: Purchase comprehensive travel insurance to cover any unexpected situations during your journey.
Currency: Familiarize yourself with the local currency, the Peruvian Sol, and plan to carry some cash for small purchases.

Best Time to Visit

Choosing the right time to visit Peru can significantly impact your experience. Here are some tips on the best time to explore this diverse country:

Dry Season (May to October): This period offers sunny days and is the peak tourist season, ideal for trekking and exploring Machu Picchu.
Wet Season (November to April): While rain is more common during this time, it can be a good opportunity to experience fewer crowds and lush landscapes.

By considering these travel requirements and the best time to visit, you can ensure a smooth and memorable journey to Peru. Stay tuned for more insights on exploring Cusco and the wonders that await in Machu Picchu!

Exploring Cusco

Cultural Attractions

After immersing yourself in Peruvian culture, a visit to Cusco, the ancient Inca capital, is a must. This vibrant city is a melting pot of history, art, and tradition, offering a myriad of cultural attractions to explore:

Sacsayhuamán: Marvel at the impressive Inca fortress with massive stone walls overlooking the city of Cusco.
Qorikancha: Visit the Temple of the Sun, an architectural wonder that showcases the blend of Inca and Spanish cultures.
San Pedro Market: Dive into the lively atmosphere of this local market, where you can shop for traditional handicrafts, taste local snacks, and interact with friendly vendors.

Exploring these cultural sites will provide you with a deeper understanding of Peru's rich heritage and the influence of the Inca civilization on modern-day Peruvian culture.

Local Cuisine

Cusco is a food lover's paradise, offering a delectable array of traditional Peruvian dishes that will tantalize your taste buds. Indulge in the following local delicacies:

Ceviche: Try the fresh and zesty seafood dish marinated in lime juice and spices.
Lomo Saltado: Savor the flavorful mix of stir-fried beef, onions, tomatoes, and spices, served with rice and fries.
Aji de Gallina: Delight in this creamy chicken dish in a spicy sauce made with yellow Peruvian peppers and nuts.
Quinoa Soup: Warm up with a comforting bowl of soup made with the nutritious and versatile grain of quinoa.

Don't miss the opportunity to sample these culinary delights in Cusco, where each bite tells a story of Peruvian flavours and culture. The fusion of indigenous ingredients and cooking techniques creates a unique dining experience that is sure to leave a lasting impression on your gastronomic journey.

Trekking the Inca Trail

Route Options

When embarking on the unforgettable journey of trekking the Inca Trail to Machu Picchu, you have various route options to choose from. Each route offers its own unique experiences and challenges, allowing you to tailor your adventure to your preferences and fitness level. Here are the main route options to consider:

Classic Inca Trail: This is the most popular route, spanning approximately 26 miles over four days. The trail takes you through stunning Andean landscapes, ancient Inca ruins, and diverse ecosystems, culminating in the iconic Sun Gate entrance to Machu Picchu.
Short Inca Trail: If you're short on time or prefer a less strenuous trek, the Short Inca Trail may be the perfect choice. This two-day trek covers a shorter distance but still provides breathtaking views and a glimpse into the region's rich history.
Salkantay Trek: For those seeking a more challenging and off-the-beaten-path adventure, the Salkantay Trek offers a diverse terrain with mountain peaks, cloud forests, and glacial lakes. This five-day trek leads you to Machu Picchu through awe-inspiring landscapes.

Tips for Hiking

Before setting off on your trek along the ancient paths of the Inca Trail, it's essential to be well-prepared to fully enjoy the experience. Here are some useful tips to make your hiking adventure a memorable one:

Acclimatize: Spend a few days in Cusco, acclimatizing to high altitudes to prevent altitude sickness during the trek.
Pack Wisely: Carry essentials such as sturdy hiking boots, a comfortable backpack, layers of clothing, a hat, sunscreen, and insect repellent.
Stay Hydrated: Drink plenty of water to stay hydrated and combat the effects of high altitude.
Take it Slow: Pace yourself during the trek to enjoy the scenery and prevent exhaustion.
Respect the Environment: Follow the principles of Leave No Trace and respect the natural and cultural heritage along the trail.

By choosing the right route and following these hiking tips, you'll be ready to embark on a once-in-a-lifetime journey to Machu Picchu through the captivating landscapes of Peru.

Discovering Machu Picchu

Architecture Highlights

As you make your way through the ancient ruins of Machu Picchu, the stunning architectural features will leave you in awe. The Inca civilization's advanced engineering and architectural techniques are beautifully showcased in this UNESCO World Heritage site. Here are some key highlights:

Terraces: The terraced fields at Machu Picchu are not only visually striking but also serve vital agricultural purposes for the Incas. These terraces were ingeniously designed to maximize sunlight and water usage, showcasing the Inca's mastery of agricultural engineering.
Intihuatana Stone: This mysterious stone structure is believed to have been used for astronomical and ritualistic purposes. The precision with which it was placed highlights the Inca's deep understanding of astronomy and their reverence for the sun.
Sun Temple: One of the most significant structures in Machu Picchu, the Sun Temple features intricately carved stone walls and windows that align with the winter solstice. The temple's design symbolizes the Inca's worship of Inti, the sun god.

Sustainable Tourism Efforts

Preserving the cultural and natural heritage of Machu Picchu is essential for future generations to appreciate and enjoy. Sustainable tourism efforts play a crucial role in maintaining the site's integrity. Here's how you can contribute to sustainable tourism at Machu Picchu:

Respect Local Culture: Learn about the customs and traditions of the local communities surrounding Machu Picchu, and respect their way of life during your visit.
Reduce Waste: Help keep Machu Picchu clean by properly disposing of trash and refraining from littering in the area.
Support Local Economy: Purchase souvenirs and goods from local artisans and vendors to support the local economy and community.

By being mindful of your impact on Machu Picchu and its surroundings, you can help ensure that this incredible wonder remains a treasure for future generations to explore and admire.

Immersing in Peruvian Culture

Traditional Festivals

After exploring the wonders of Machu Picchu and delving into the historical richness of Cusco, immersing yourself in Peruvian culture through traditional festivals is an absolute must. The vibrant festivals in Peru offer a glimpse into the country's rich cultural heritage and provide a unique opportunity to witness local traditions come to life. Some of the most iconic traditional festivals in Peru include:

Inti Raymi: This ancient Incan festival celebrates the winter solstice and takes place in Cusco with colourful processions and theatrical reenactments.
Virgen de la Candelaria: Held in February in Puno, this festival features elaborate parades, traditional dances, and music honouring the Virgin of Candelaria.
Semana Santa: Easter week is celebrated across Peru with solemn processions, religious ceremonies, and colourful street decorations.

Participating in these festivals allows you to engage with the vibrant culture of Peru, interact with locals, and create unforgettable memories that will stay with you long after your trip.

Souvenir Shopping

No visit to Peru is complete without indulging in some souvenir shopping to take a piece of Peruvian culture back home with you. From colourful textiles and intricately designed ceramics to handmade jewellery and alpaca wool products, Peruvian souvenirs are unique and reflective of the country's rich artisanal traditions. When shopping for souvenirs in Peru, consider exploring the following markets and shopping hotspots:

San Pedro Market in Cusco: This bustling market is a treasure trove of local handicrafts, textiles, and traditional Peruvian goods.
Pisac Market in the Sacred Valley: Known for its beautifully crafted ceramics, textiles, and alpaca products, this market is a great place to buy authentic Peruvian souvenirs.

By collecting souvenirs from your travels in Peru, you not only support local artisans but also carry a piece of the country's vibrant culture and heritage with you wherever you go.

Adventure Activities in Peru

After immersing yourself in Peruvian culture and exploring the wonders of Machu Picchu, it's time to get your adrenaline pumping with some thrilling adventure activities in Peru.

White-Water Rafting

White-water rafting in Peru offers a unique experience that combines spectacular scenery with heart-pounding adventure. Here are some top spots for white-water rafting in Peru:

Apurimac River: Known for its challenging rapids and stunning canyon views, the Apurimac River provides an adrenaline-pumping rafting experience for adventure enthusiasts.
Urubamba River: Located in the Sacred Valley, the Urubamba River offers a variety of rafting options suitable for both beginners and experienced rafters, making it a popular choice for rafting tours in Peru.

Whether you're a seasoned rafter or a first-timer looking for an exciting water adventure, white-water rafting in Peru is a must-try experience that will leave you with unforgettable memories.

Zip-Lining in Sacred Valley

Zip-lining in the Sacred Valley is a thrilling way to soak in the breathtaking views of the Andean landscape while soaring through the air. Here's what you can expect when zip-lining in the Sacred Valley:

Adrenaline Rush: Feel the rush of adrenaline as you zip through the valley, taking in panoramic views of mountains, valleys, and archaeological sites below.
Scenic Beauty: Experience the beauty of the Sacred Valley from a unique perspective as you glide through the air on zip lines that span across the rugged terrain.
Safety First: Top-rated zip-lining companies in the Sacred Valley prioritize safety, ensuring that you can enjoy the experience with peace of mind.

Zip-lining in the Sacred Valley is a perfect way to add a thrilling twist to your Peruvian adventure and create lasting memories of your trip to this enchanting destination.